Twice this concept is mentioned in Matthew at the conclusion of parables (Matt 20:16 & Matt 22:14)
Mat 20:16 So the last shall be first, and the first last: for many be called, but few chosen.
Mat 22:14 For many are called, but few are chosen.
Later in the bible this concept is broadened to describe the ones that are with the Lamb of God.
Rev 17:12 And the ten horns which thou sawest are ten kings, which...